Computer Mediated Communication tools are separated into two key categories: synchronous and asynchronous communications. In asynchronous communication, the learners’ are not mandated to have an instantaneous communication or collaboration because communication is neither time nor location dependent. Users in such a system are able to communicate in an online learning environment using email and threaded discussion boards. This medium works best for learners who have several other commitments such as work and family. The asynchronous nature of this medium allows the learners to log on to the course at any time to contribute to the discussions, respond to messages from peers or instructors. It also allows the students more time to reflect and refine their contributions before posting them to the rest of the class compared to synchronous communication. Synchronous communications requires all the learners to connect at the same time. Synchronous communication involves media such as chat and video conferencing. The synchronous nature of this medium allows the learners to communicate in real time hence avoiding frustrations and feelings of isolation. Just like most technologies, it is important to establish whether synchronous or asynchronous learning is more suitable depending on the desired learning outcomes. According to Hrastinski (2008), it imperative to understand when, why, and how to use asynchronous vs. synchronous communication as opposed to determining which is better.
The table below summarizes when, why, and how to use asynchronous versus synchronous communication
Adopted from Hrastinski, S. (2008)
References:
Hrastinski, S. (2008). Asynchronous and synchronous learning. Educause Quarterly, 31(4).
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